Hazard Analysis of Microbiological Exposure Risks for Dental Nurses in Banyuwangi Regency Using the HAZOP Method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/pfb35946Keywords:
Dental Nurses, HAZOP, Risk Management, Microbiological HazardsAbstract
This study aims to analyze the risk management of microbiological exposure hazards of Dental Nurses in Banyuwangi Regency using the HAZOP method. This type of research is quantitative analytical with a Cross-sectional approach. Microbiological hazard risk management in dental nurses uses the HAZOP method. The results of this study indicate that, during the identification process, potential hazards for dental nurses due to exposure to microbiological hazards include exposure to or splashes of patient saliva/droplets, exposure to patient fluids or blood, scratches from used sharp instruments, punctures from used syringes, improper sterilization of equipment, failure to screen for patient illnesses, contracting a patient's illness, failure to use personal protective equipment (PPE) or improper use of PPE (not according to standards), lack of concentration on work, lack of occupational health and safety (K3) training, unsafe and inappropriate work procedures, poor air circulation, unavailability of sinks and disinfectants in the workspace, and insufficient trash in every room/corner. In the risk assessment process, there were 7 low-risk potential hazards, 4 medium-risk potential hazards, and 2 high-risk potential hazards. The conclusion of this study is that the potential hazard factor with the greatest risk of causing disease is when dental nurses are exposed to patient saliva or droplets
References
Arifin, M. (2021). Pengaruh beban kerja terhadap gangguan konsentrasi dengan stres kerja pada pekerja di PT Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Makassar (Skripsi). Universitas Hasanuddin.
Arifin, W. M., Yuamita, F., & Et al. (2022). Analisis tingkat risiko bahaya kerja menggunakan metode HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) pada PT Madubaru PG/PS Madukismo. Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Industri Terapan (JTMIT), 1(4), 277–285.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities. CDC Publications.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Ventilation in Dental Settings: Best Practices. CDC.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Infection Prevention and Control in Dental Healthcare Settings. CDC.
Cooper, D. (2017). Behavior-Based Safety: A Framework for Success. Safety Science, 95, 1–10.
Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan. (2015). Standar pengendalian TB, Hepatitis, Skabies, Lepra dan penyakit menular lainnya.
Hidayat, W., & Danang Aji, R. (2024). Analisis faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan kerja: Studi kasus pada workshop PT SMT, Kabupaten Bekasi. Journal of Industrial Engineering Tridinanti, 2. http://jietri.univ-tridinanti.ac.id
Ikhtiar, M., Syam, N., & Puspitasari, A. (2024). Mikroorganisme di udara dan gangguan kesehatan dalam ruang. CV Eureka Media Aksara.
Intan Sefia, A., & Koesyanto, H. (2021). Protokol kesehatan dan penggunaan APD dalam mencegah COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan di puskesmas. Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition, 1(3), 436–445. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/ijphn
International Organization for Standardization. (2019). ISO 45001: Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems. ISO.
International Organization for Standardization. (2020). ISO 31000: Risk Management — Guidelines. ISO.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2016). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 48 Tahun 2016.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2017). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 27 Tahun 2017.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2017). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 11 Tahun 2017.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2017). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 38 Tahun 2017 tentang K3 Rumah Sakit. www.peraturan.go.id
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (2019). Hierarchy of Controls Applied to Health Care Settings. NIOSH.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (2021). Preventing Needle Stick Injuries in Healthcare Workers. NIOSH Alert.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (2024). Aerosol Transmission and Controls in Clinical Practice. NIOSH.
OSHA. (2019). Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (29 CFR 1910.1030). Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
Ramdan, I. M., & Rahman, A. (2017). Analisis risiko kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) pada perawat. JKP, 5.
Reason, J. (2017). Managing the Risks of Organizational Accidents: A Framework for Human Error. Safety Science, 92, 1–15.
Saleh, H. M., & Kumar, S. (2025). Varicella-Zoster Virus (Chickenpox). StatPearls Publishing.
Sukarsih. (2019). Pengendalian infeksi silang. CV IRDH.
Tahira, A., Sukmara Putri, R., & Prifiantari, S. (2022). Menerapkan pemahaman penyakit influenza pada anak usia dini. Jurnal, 7(1), 41–50.
Torres, C., & Rodríguez, A. (2018). Effectiveness of High-Volume Evacuation in Reducing Dental Aerosols. Journal of Dental Research, 97(4), 389–395.
World Health Organization. (2017). Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control. WHO Guidelines.
World Health Organization. (2020). Five Moments for Hand Hygiene: Clinical Guide. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2020). Modes of transmission of virus causing COVID-19: Implications for IPC precaution recommendations.
World Health Organization. (2021). Infection Prevention and Control in the Context of COVID-19: Interim Guidance. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2023). Dental Practice Infection Control: Updated Recommendations. WHO.
Xu, H., Li, Y., & Liu, J. (2020). Interrupting Exposure Pathways in Clinical Settings: Evidence from Aerosol Transmission Research. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 30(6), 761–775.
Zhou, W., & Chen, L. (2022). Safety Climate and Compliance Among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review. Journal of Occupational Health, 64(3), 1–12.
Zohar, D., & Polachek, T. (2021). Safety Climate and Its Role in Healthcare Worker Behavior. Safety Science, 139, 105255.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Aini Tri Indah Rahmawati, Isa Ma’rufi, Tecky Indriani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
