Integration of Cooperative Learning in OBE-Based Lesson Plans: Analysis of Lecturers' Perceptions Through Literature Study and Participatory Observation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/1ratec52Keywords:
Direct Observation, Lecturer Perception, Higher Education, Cooperative Learning, OBE RPSAbstract
This study aims to elaborate on the integration of cooperative learning into OBE-based lesson plans (RPS): an analysis of lecturers' perceptions through literature review and participant observation. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, employing literature review and direct observation of the research subjects. The literature review method involved searching for research data or information through reading scientific journals, reference books, and published materials available in libraries and on the internet. The researcher used direct participant observation during classroom teaching. The results indicate that the integration of cooperative learning strategies into the Outcome-Based Education (OBE)-based Semester Lesson Plan (RPS) exhibits a very high level of constructive alignment. This research is expected to align the shared goal of improving the sustainability of the higher education system
References
Afif, R., Nyoman, C., & Sukoco, P. (2022). Journal Sport Area The effect of the cooperative learning model on basketball games to improve junior high school students ’ learning. 7(2), 287–299.
Albert Bandura dalam UNESA. (2026, February 21). Teori Belajar Sosial Albert Bandura: Panduan Lengkap Mewujudkan Pendidikan Berkualitas & Kesetaraan Berkelanjutan. UNESA: Universitas Negeri Surabaya. https://pendidikan-matematika.fmipa.unesa.ac.id/post/teori-belajar-sosial-albert-bandura-panduan-lengkap-mewujudkan-pendidikan-berkualitas-kesetaraan-berkelanjutan
Alvarez, M. T. S., & Cammayo, E. U. (2023). A graduate’s employability study of bachelor of science in entrepreneurship of Isabela State University, Philippines. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 12(1), 164–173. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i1.22841
Aman, R. R. (2009). Improving student satisfaction and retention with online instruction through systematic faculty peer review of courses. https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/6q182q48q
Asim, H. M., Shah, S. Q., & Temoor, M. (2021). ). Implementation of outcome based education (OBE) system in higher education institutions. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 33(1–3), 29–37. https://doi.org/10.31901/24566322.2021/33.1-3.1180
Ayu, I., & Lestari, P. I. (2022). Cooperative Learning Model in English Learning. 1(1), 14–17.
Biggs, J., & Tang, C. (2011). Teaching for quality learning at university. . McGraw-Hill Education. https://www.mheducation.co.uk
Biggs, J. (2014). Constructive alignment in university teaching. In HERDSA Review of Higher Education (Vol. 1, pp. 5–22). https://www.herdsa.org.au/herdsa-review-higher-education-vol-1/5-22
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Analysis., Reflecting on reflexive thematic. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
Carcolini, P. J. (2017). Curricula for Sustainability in Higher Education. [Book Review]. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 4(2), 102–114.
Eldy, E. F., & Sullivan, K. (2024). Implementation of outcome-based education (OBE) in physics courses: Lecturers’ perspective, challenges and workload. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 24(2), 45–58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v24i2.6821
Forsell, J., Forslund Frykedal, K., & Chiriac, E. H. (2020). Group work in higher education: The inside stories of teachers’ and students’ experiences. . . International Journal of Higher Education, 9(2), 22–37. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p23
Gillies, R. M. (2016). Cooperative learning: Review of research and practice. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 41(3), 39–54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2016v41n3.3
Hadi, S, et all. (2023). Tantangan Dosen dalam Menyelaraskan Asesmen OBE dengan Metode Pembelajaran Aktif. Jurnal Pendidikan Tinggi Indonesia, 11(2), 145–158. https://ejournal.kemdikbud.go.id
Hayati, E. M., Purwanto, A., & Hidayat, D. R. (2023). Analysis of the Cooperative Learning Effective ness on Students ’ Critical Thinking Skills in Science Learning for Primary Students. 15, 1145–1153. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i1.994
Isjoni. (2009). Cooperative Learning. Alfabeta.
Ito, Y. (2019). The Effectiveness of a CLIL Basketball Lesson: A Case Study of Japanese Junior High School CLIL. English Language Teaching, 12(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n11p42
Jannah, Tania, Mohdari, Tajeri, S. (2025). Analysis of the relevance between higher education graduates and job opportunities in the digital technology era in Indonesia. JURNAL BISNIS MAHASISWA, 5(6), 3111–3121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.60036/jbm.926
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (2009). An educational psychology success story: Social interdependence theory and cooperative learning. Educational Researcher, 38(5), 365–379. https://journals.sagepub.com/home/edr
Johnson, D. W., & J. (2002). Social interdependence theory and university instruction: Theory into practice. Swiss Journal of Psychology, 61(3), 119–129. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1024//1421-0185.61.3.119
Kawulich, B. (2005). Participant observation as a data collection method. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6(2), 43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-6.2.466
Khaeriyah, Fie, Effiyaldi, S., & Safitri, N. A. (2025). Literature Study and Direct Participant Observation of The Impact of Online Loans on Society. Optimal: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 5(1), 82–98. https://doi.org/Abstract:
Kurniawan, D. A., & Triani, E. (2022). A Comparative study : Cooperative Learning in Science Learning. 55, 115–126.
Lathifa, N. N., Anisa, K., Handayani, S., & Gusmaneli, G. (2024). Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa. 4(2).
Lubis, A. H., & Siregar, R. (2021). Penerapan Rencana Pembelajaran Semester (RPS) Berbasis Outcome-Based Education (OBE) Menggunakan Model Kooperatif. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran, 7(1), 89–102. https://ojs.unm.ac.id
Lyle, K. (2020). Cooperative learning and student active engagement in higher education classrooms. Journal of Institutional Re, 25(1), 12–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.9734/bjeti/2020/v25i130122
Marzali, A. (2016). Menulis Kajian Literatur. Jurnal Etnosia., 1(2), 112–117.
Poort, I., Jansen, E., & Hofman, A. (2019). Intercultural group work in higher education: Costs and benefits from an intercultural student perspective. Higher Education, 77(4), 587–603. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0291-z
Prestiadi, D., Zulkarnain, W., & Sumarsono, R. (2023). Implementation of outcome-based education (OBE) curriculum in higher education in Indonesia. 23(11), 112–123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v23i11.6214
Scager, K., Boonstra, J., Peeters, T., Vulperhorst, J., & Wiegant, F. (2016). Collaborative learning in higher education: Evoking positive interdependence. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 1, 15(4), 69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203837290.ch17
Slavin, R. (2011). ). Instruction based on cooperative learning. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203837290.ch17
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–349. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Spady, W. (1994). Outcome-Based Education: Critical Issues and Answers. In American Association of School Administrators. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED380911.pdf
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Alfabeta (ed.); 27th ed.). Alfabeta.
syafril., Jannah, T., & Rifai, M. (2025). Disruption of the Higher Education System Has Impact on the High Rate of Educated Unemployment in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Statistik Indonesia, 5(2), 356–365. https://doi.org/10.11594/jesi.05.02.12
Van Leeuwen, A., & J. (2019). A systematic review of teacher guidance during collaborative learning in primary and secondary education. Educational Research Review, 27, 71–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2019.02.001
Wahyuni, N. (2025). The Impact of Jigsaw and Window-Shopping Cooperative Learning Models on Students ’ Social Studies Achievement. 2(3), 333–348.
Xiao, Y., & W. (2019). Guidance on conducting a systematic literature review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Syafril Syafril, Sofia, Andi Muhammad Fara Kessi, Rima Puspita, Arsuni (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.






















