The Relationship Between Maternal Parity and Placenta Previa Incidence at Bhayangkara Level III Hospital, Kendari

Abstract

Placenta previa is a serious obstetric complication characterized by abnormal placental implantation on the lower uterine segment, potentially covering the cervical os. It is a leading cause of antepartum hemorrhage and maternal-fetal morbidity. Maternal parity has been identified as a significant risk factor, yet evidence from Indonesian tertiary hospitals remains limited. To determine the relationship between maternal parity and the incidence of placenta previa at Bhayangkara Level III Hospital, Kendari. An analytical survey with a case-control design was employed. A purposive sampling method was used, involving 128 participants (64 cases and 64 controls) with a 1:1 ratio. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square statistical test (α = 0.05). Among the case group, 70.3% (n=45) had high parity (≥4 births), compared to 43.8% (n=28) in the control group. The Chi-square test revealed a statistically significant association (p-value = 0.004 < α 0.05), indicating that mothers with high parity are at greater risk of placenta previa. There is a significant relationship between maternal parity and the incidence of placenta previa. Healthcare providers should prioritize early detection and health education for mothers with high parity. Delivery in qualified healthcare facilities is strongly recommended